BIOMARCADORES NO CÂNCER DE PRÓSTATA: LIMITAÇÕES ATUAIS E PERSPECTIVAS PARA A PERSONALIZAÇÃO DA RADIOTERAPIA

Autores

  • Bárbara Ellen Lopes Duarte
  • Denis Carvalho Parry

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63330/sasciencesv6n2-211

Palavras-chave:

Biomarcadores, Câncer de próstata, Genômica, Patologia Digital, Radioterapia de precisão

Resumo

O câncer de próstata é uma das neoplasias mais incidentes entre homens e, apesar da elevada sobrevida em casos localizados, muitos pacientes evoluem com recorrência e metástases. A radioterapia é uma das principais estratégias terapêuticas, mas sua aplicação ainda se baseia em parâmetros clínicos tradicionais, que não capturam integralmente a radiossensibilidade tumoral ou o risco individual de toxicidade. Nesse cenário, os biomarcadores surgem como ferramentas promissoras para personalizar condutas, reduzindo tanto o subtratamento quanto os efeitos adversos evitáveis. Portanto, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar limitações atuais e perspectivas dos biomarcadores para radioterapia personalizada no câncer de próstata. Especificamente, busca-se: (a) classificar sua função prognóstica ou preditiva; (b) sintetizar evidências clínicas recentes; (c) identificar barreiras analíticas, metodológicas e de implementação; e (d) propor critérios para incorporação responsável. O estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de escopo crítico, conduzida mediante busca estruturada de publicações de 2021 a 2026 em PubMed/MEDLINE. Os resultados indicam que PSA e classificadores genômicos refinam o prognóstico, porém raramente demonstram interação tratamento-biomarcador. PORTOS e modelos de patologia digital apresentaram os sinais preditivos mais consistentes em análises de ensaios randomizados, enquanto PSMA-PET modifica o delineamento terapêutico sem ainda constituir marcador universal de benefício. Assinaturas de microRNA para toxicidade são promissoras, mas exigem validação independente e avaliação de utilidade clínica. Conclui-se que a implementação responsável requer validação prospectiva, padronização analítica, demonstração de benefício incremental, transparência algorítmica, viabilidade econômica e integração dos dados moleculares, clínicos e dosimétricos.

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Publicado

2026-09-22

Como Citar

Duarte, B. E. L. ., & Parry, D. C. . (2026). BIOMARCADORES NO CÂNCER DE PRÓSTATA: LIMITAÇÕES ATUAIS E PERSPECTIVAS PARA A PERSONALIZAÇÃO DA RADIOTERAPIA. South American Sciences, 6(2), e26437. https://doi.org/10.63330/sasciencesv6n2-211