ADVANCES IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF HEART DISEASE IN DOGS AND CATS: THE ROLE OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, CARDIAC BIOMARKERS, AND COMPLEMENTARY TESTS

Authors

  • Mario Augusto Tremante

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63330/sasciencesv6n2-113

Keywords:

Cardiac biomarkers, Early diagnosis, Echocardiography, Small animals, Veterinary cardiology

Abstract

Heart diseases in dogs and cats represent a significant challenge in veterinary medicine due to their high prevalence, progressive nature, and the possibility of remaining clinically silent until advanced stages. This study consists of a literature review aimed at analyzing advances in the early diagnosis of heart diseases in small animals, emphasizing the importance of echocardiography, cardiac biomarkers, and complementary examinations for the early identification of cardiovascular disorders. The research was conducted through a critical review of national and international scientific articles, guidelines, and specialized publications published in recent years in the field of veterinary cardiology. The findings demonstrate that the combined use of clinical evaluation, Doppler echocardiography, electrocardiography, thoracic radiography, blood pressure measurement, and biomarkers such as NT-proBNP and cardiac troponins significantly improves diagnostic accuracy, allowing structural and functional cardiac abnormalities to be detected before severe clinical signs develop. It is concluded that integrating these diagnostic tools supports earlier therapeutic interventions, improves prognosis and quality of life in companion animals, and strengthens evidence-based veterinary practice.

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Published

2026-07-31

How to Cite

Tremante, M. A. . (2026). ADVANCES IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF HEART DISEASE IN DOGS AND CATS: THE ROLE OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, CARDIAC BIOMARKERS, AND COMPLEMENTARY TESTS. South American Sciences, 6(2), e26334. https://doi.org/10.63330/sasciencesv6n2-113